Investigating the tourist attractions of western Alamut river villages and its impact on tourism in Qazvin province

Master thesis

Geography and rural planning

Abstract

In the past, tourism and tourism were special for nobles and elites and due to economic and technical constraints. It did not play a significant role in the social, economic, and environmental aspects of human life. However, along with the profound social and economic events and developments in the life of societies and people benefiting from more rights, more leisure time, and especially since the benefit of paid leave, first in advanced societies and then in developing countries, was recognized as a human right, and tourism became one of the most important activities of contemporary humans. This importance also appeared in the field of the Islamic homeland and became more widespread day by day. However, Baidu may not have reached the necessary prosperity, but it has to travel a long and long way to reveal itself as a tourism industry and to take firm steps in line with economic, social, cultural and even political affairs on par with developed countries. In this context, the state of tourism in the villages of the Western Alamut River and its impact on the tourism of the province, using spss and sowt models, using the statistics obtained through the questionnaire and examining the strengths and weaknesses, threats and opportunities, the necessary planning was done in this case so that the result can be generalized to other regions and villages of the Islamic homeland so that the country reaches its original and real position in the field of tourism. Key words: tourism - political development - Village.

Tourism[1] is one of the new fields and new fields studied in humanities and nowadays it has attracted the attention of countries from different ways. The necessary attitudes of tourism are on the one hand due to its economic importance and on the other hand due to its cultural and social effects.

During the past decades, tourism has been one of the fastest growing sectors in the world and its growth will continue in the coming years. The world's tourism industry has created approximately one hundred million jobs in the world, mostly involving small or medium-sized businesses. The rate of job creation in the tourism sector is 1.5 times higher than other sectors (Ebrahimi, 2013: 24).

Since 1980, every year growth in tourism income and activities has been observed. The World Tourism Organization [2] enjoyed a strong global economy and had its golden age with a 7.4% increase in the growth of the industry in 2000. The statistics presented by the World Tourism Organization show an increasing growth and its economic volume has increased from 1.2 billion US dollars to more than 622 billion dollars in 2005. Also, in 2007, tourism was able to account for 10.3% of the world's gross national product. In the same year, the situation of creating employment in this industry with about 234 million jobs, has increased to more than 2.8% of the total employed worldwide. The economic importance of the tourism and travel industry has continued to increase with a large increase in the number of travelers from 25 million people in the 1950s to 783 million in 2006 with an average annual growth of 5.6%. In 2010, 1241 billion dollars were invested in the tourism sector in the world, which is equivalent to 9.02% of the total investment in the world. This figure will reach 2,752 billion dollars by 2020, which will constitute 9.04% of the total investment in the world. Also, according to the forecasts of this organization, in 2020, the world's gross domestic product from the tourism industry will reach an amount equal to 11 thousand and 151 billion dollars, which is a 5% growth compared to 2010. Also, according to the latest statistics of this organization, one out of every 12/3 jobs in the world is related to the tourism industry. In 2011, the tourism industry accounted for more than 8% of all jobs in the world. According to the latest reports of the World Travel and Tourism Council, which has predicted the statistics and state of tourism in countries from 2010 to 2020, Iran had a growth of 3.9% in the tourism industry in 2010, but Iran's tourism will face stagnation until 2020, and this number will decrease to 3.8% (Tasheha news base, 2019: online).

Tourism is an activity that has fundamental differences from other economic activities. This activity has certain boundaries even with the service sector; Because tourism is usually purchased without market research and includes a range of goods and services such as transportation, facilities and natural resources that are consumed sequentially.. Natural resources are an important part of the total inputs required by the tourism sector, which generally cannot be priced. The development and density of cities has created certain bottlenecks and limitations for its residents, and the continuation of such a trend causes people to look for an escape to free themselves from the burdensome subjugation of urban life and dedicate time to recreation and restoration of depleted powers.

City residents are forced to spend their free time in quiet and relaxing rural areas for many reasons. Following these issues, huge transformations were created in the social, economic, environmental and occupational systems at the national level; And for this reason, following the revelation of the negative reflections of urban life, planning in the field of tourism, especially tourism in nature and rural tourism for urban dwellers and out-of-towners, received a special priority (Ardestani, 2017: 218). This issue has several reasons. First of all, it is difficult to define the rural areas where rural tourism is carried out. Because the criteria used by different countries are different from each other, secondly, various types of tourism take place in rural areas, which are not essentially rural, because they can be urban in nature and only located in rural areas, thirdly, different forms of rural tourism are evident in different developed areas, and hence it is difficult to find common characteristics in all countries, fourthly, rural areas are in a complex process of changes related to the influence of global markets, which communication and market conditions have changed the orientation of traditional products. In the same context, some rural areas that are experiencing population decline are faced with the influx of people for leisure, or the development of new non-traditional businesses. Due to seasonal suburbanization and long daily commutes and the development of second homes, the distinction between rural and urban areas has become blurred. However, rural tourism can be simply defined as traveling to rural areas, but researchers believe that the issue is much more complicated than this. But in general, rural tourism is important from two sides, one as a broad global activity and the other in terms of emphasizing it in regional and local development policies. Therefore, it is reasonable to accept that there is no acceptable and general definition of rural tourism. In addition, it must be accepted that distinctive features such as activities and special situations separate rural tourism from other sectors or types of tourism. Therefore, the development of tourism in rural areas has different dimensions and its development requires different mechanisms than tourism in urban areas. Therefore, in this chapter, by proposing the research problem and the importance of the research topic, the research objectives are formulated, and by examining the scope of the research, limitations and the general research process, and at the end, the key words of the research will be mentioned.

1-Tourism.

2-World Tourism Organization.

Issue

Rural tourism has been the focus of many tourists today as a part of the tourism market. This part of tourism as a destination has its own artery, and it is growing day by day and attracts more customers and visitors. According to the available statistics in many countries, 70% of the resident population used all kinds of rural recreation or visited rural areas during their free time. In the continent of Europe, many people spend their vacations in rural areas (Aminzadeh, 2015: 45).

On the other hand, the change in the philosophy of human life, the pollution of the urban environment and the pressures and psychological stresses caused by the living and working environments, along with the philosophical thoughts of returning to the earthly world, caused urban residents to pay attention to the villages, especially the villages with good weather adjacent to the cities [1] and these areas are used as suburban summer cottages during the weekend. And annual holidays were proposed and developed, and little by little facilities and services were formed in these areas to meet the needs of visitors.