Comparison of sports interests, priorities and needs of the villagers of Bardeskan city and Anabd and Shahrabad departments

Dissertation to receive master's degree

Physical education and sports science, sports management orientation

Abstract

The general purpose of this research is to compare the interests, priority of favorite sports and sports needs of the residents of the villages of Bardeskan city. and the parts of Shahrabad and Anabod. For this purpose, favorite and active sports, attitudes about participation in sports, participation status, sports requirements, type of sports program and media used in different sociological groups of villagers were compared and investigated. The statistical population of this research was all the villagers of Bardeskan city (located in Razavi Khorasan province), which according to statistics, their number was equal to 40424 people. According to Morgan's table, the statistical sample size was determined to be 382 people, and random cluster sampling was used to select this number. In order to collect research data, a researcher-made questionnaire was used, which was adapted from previous studies and adjusted according to the target environment. The validity of the research questionnaires was confirmed by 10 expert professors. Its reliability was also found to be 0.79 in the guide study using Cronbach's alpha test. The obtained data were performed using descriptive statistics tests including central tendency and dispersion indices and inferential statistics including Kalmogorov Smirnov test, independent t test, ANOVA and Pearson chi2. All statistical tests were performed using Amarispss software. The results showed that 58/4 of the respondents preferred local indigenous sports to modern sports. In addition, the respondents considered the sports facilities of their village to be low, and there was a significant difference between their opinions about the amount of these needs based on age, gender and education. Also, there was no significant difference between the attitudes of the villagers regarding participation in sports based on gender; However, a significant difference was observed based on age and education. There was a significant difference between the opinion of the villagers about the type of sports program and the media they used based on age, gender and education.

Key words:

rural sports, need, sports interests, media, television sports program, attitude, sports participation

Introduction

The rural population is one of the important pillars of the society. The role of villages in the sustainable development of countries has caused governments to pay special attention to this sector and seek to achieve goals and prospects through this sector in their macro plans (Sinclair [1] et al., 2006). Of course, the economic development of a country depends on the health of its producers, and the rural community - as one of the most important pillars of production - is not exempt from this issue. Providing facilities and conditions that ensure the health of the rural community and enable more participation of this important workforce is considered one of the basic priorities in most developed countries. Skokie Park[2] is one of the areas that the American government has created suitable and diverse recreational programs for the local people and even visitors to these areas in order to provide one of its priorities - namely the welfare of the local and rural community (Skokie Park Government Research Group [3], 2013). They say, on the other hand, it is necessary to give equal importance to the development of this sector in their programs (Comprehensive System of Physical Education and Sports Development of the Country, 2014). Sports has always been used as an efficient tool to achieve this goal. The role of sports and healthy recreation in supporting the renewal of villages is undeniable (Searl [4], 2006). Sports, also, helps the integration and participation of people in social affairs and leads to their health and well-being (Searl, 2006). Governments usually implement social projects in this field in order to increase the participation of villagers and sports performance standards in the village.. For example, one of the most important strategies of the British government in the rural sector is to provide more opportunities to compete in sports for different ages, to help promote team sports and to provide the possibility of cooperative development of sports facilities in villages (Sinclair et al., 2006). In this regard, in the United States of America, rural sports associations have been established to implement recreational-sports programs for the rural people and thus create more attractions in the villages. Belavista Village Sports Association [5] is one of these associations that has provided people with the possibility of using sports-recreational facilities on weekends and nights. In order to create more attractiveness, this association even uses internet social networks and implements business plans (Morgan [6] et al., 2013).

Given that villages form an important part of societies and in our country this part of society is decreasing due to various reasons including economic and livelihood problems (Khane Mellat, 2013), and according to the census of 1990, the ratio of urban to rural population is 71 to It was 29 percent, which compared to the census of 1985, the ratio of urban to rural population has decreased from 68 to 32 percent (Iran Statistics Center, 2013), therefore, studying the condition of villages and villagers in the country can play an important role in the development of villages, and for this reason, in this research, the study of the condition of sports in different sociological groups of the villagers of Bardeskan city has been studied.

1-2. Statement of the problem

In Iran, the uneven distribution of facilities and the lack of facilities have always been considered as one of the problems of life in the villages, and this issue has caused the absence or lack of recreational and sports programs in the villages, which itself has played a major role in intensifying the migration of villagers to the cities (Azeimi, 2008). Although 39% of the country's population is made up of villagers, there is no information available about the development of local indigenous games as part of public sports. Spending a lot of people's free time through television, the tendency to be inactive, the limitation of women's exercise, the tendency to engage in leisure activities and inactivity, the lack of facilities and lack of awareness have caused that public sports, especially local indigenous sports, have not yet found their place to improve the general level of health in the society (Ramazani Nejad, 2007). In 2014, Jafari, in a survey of rural women (10 to 60 years old) and measuring their sports needs, concluded that the sports facilities for rural women are not sufficient and suitable for their needs. This is probably true to a lesser extent in men's sports as well. This is while the rural population constitutes about 35% of the total population of Iran and therefore can play an important role in the development of the country. In recent decades, measures have been implemented in the villages, but they have not had the expected effect on production and reducing the migration of villagers to cities. has not had The lack of attention to the rural community as a specific group with its own characteristics, attitudes, interests and needs has caused the programs that are implemented for them to be inconsistent with their needs and desires and in practice lead to little positive change in their living conditions (Warthi et al., 2015). Injuries and injuries of people during work will be reduced and their productivity will increase. According to these cases, it seems that very little attention has been paid to the welfare of the rural people and they have the least recreational and sports facilities. Of course, the idea that rural people have more physical mobility than urban society is probably a correct belief. However, this point should not be ignored that monotonous daily activities and some wrong habits and specific socio-cultural thoughts of the village have prevented sports from being institutionalized scientifically in the villages of Iran. Therefore, planning for the practical use of sports in rural life due to its role in promoting the culture of mobility is one of the effective strategies in the realization of rural development programs, which will not be realized except with systematic planning and recognition of the needs of the rural community. slow